Periodontology
This branch focuses on treating any illnesses affecting the tissues where the teeth are implanted, e.g., the bone, the intra-alveolar ligament (fitting the dental roots in the alveolus) and the gums.

Besides the bacterial factor, there are many other factors that contribute to the degradation of the periodontal tissues: smoking, systemic illnesses, hormonal imbalances, biting defects, etc.
Once installed, a periodontal illness cannot be reversed. Best case scenario, it can only be prevented from evolving further. This is a very complex specialty with various approaching techniques and with spectacular results, when the biological material and the patient’s cooperation allow it.